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How can excessive heat application affect the hair structure?

  1. It has no effect

  2. It may cause damage to the cuticle layer

  3. It makes the hair shinier

  4. It promotes hair growth

The correct answer is: It may cause damage to the cuticle layer

Excessive heat application can indeed cause damage to the cuticle layer of the hair. The cuticle is the outermost protective layer of each hair strand, composed of overlapping scales that can become weakened or stripped away by high temperatures. When heat is applied excessively, such as through hot styling tools, it can lead to increased porosity, dryness, and brittleness, making the hair more susceptible to breakage and split ends. In contrast, the other options suggest effects that are not typically associated with excessive heat. For instance, heat cannot make hair shinier; in fact, damaged cuticles can lead to a dull appearance. Additionally, while heat styling may temporarily improve the perceived style of hair, it does not promote hair growth—growth is influenced by other factors such as genetics and overall scalp health. Therefore, the option indicating that excessive heat may cause damage to the cuticle layer accurately reflects the consequences of improper heat application on hair structures.