What is the purpose of a base coat in nail application?

The purpose of a base coat in nail application is primarily to protect the natural nail and help the polish adhere better. Applying a base coat creates a barrier between the nail and the pigmented nail polish, which helps prevent staining of the natural nail from darker colors. Additionally, the base coat provides a smooth surface for the polish to adhere to, which can enhance the longevity of the manicure and prevent chipping. By ensuring better adhesion, the base coat maximizes the effectiveness and durability of the nail polish, making it an essential step in the nail application process.